Second Sudanese Civil War

26 April 1983- President Nimeiry declared a state of emergency, in part to ensure that Shari'a was applied more broadly.

• 1983- the Sudan People's Liberation Army was founded as a southern-based mainly non-Arabic rebel group, fighting against the central government and attempting to establish an independent Southern Sudan under its leadership.
• September 1984- President Nimeiry announced the end of the state of emergency and dismantled the emergency courts.
• 1985- serious shortages of fuel and bread in Khartoum, a growing insurgency in the south, drought and famine, and an increasingly difficult refugee burden.
• April 1986- Elections were held and a transitional military council turned over power to a civilian government.
• 1988- the SPLA and the DUP agreed on a peace plan calling for the the abolition of military pacts.
• February 1989- the army presented Sadiq with an ultimatum:  he could move toward peace or be thrown out.
• March 1991- a new penal code, the Criminal Act of 1991, instituted harsh punishments nationwide, including amputations and stoning.
• 1993- the government transferred all non-Muslim judges from the south to the north, replacing them with Muslim judges.
• 1994- IGAD promulgated the 1994 Declaration of Principles that aimed to identify the essential elements necessary to a just and comprehensive peace settlement.
• 1995- a coalition of internal and exiled opposition parties in the north and the south created the National Democratic Alliance as an anti-government umbrella group.
• 1996- Osama bin Laden was expelled from Sudan, and he moved his organization to Afghanistan.
• 1997- the government signed a series of agreements with rebel factions.
• July 2000- the Libyan/Egyptian Joint Initiative on the Sudan was mooted.
• September 2001- U. S. Senator John Danforth was designated Presidential Envoy for Peace in the Sudan.